Properties and applications offiber reinforced concrete faisal fouad wafa associate professor, civil engineering department, faculty ofengineering, king abdulaziz university, jeddah, saudi arabia. Specifications for marine structures in hk durability and design life of marine concrete structures factors affecting durability of marine structures conventional specifications for marine concrete durability performance of conventional marine concrete structures development of marine concrete specification durability performance of marine concrete. Because concrete cannot be prevented from cracking, the goal is to keep the cracks tightly closed in order to maintain longterm durability. Standard test method for flexural performance of fiber. The assessment of the bond interfaces under moisture conditions. Guide for the design and construction of concrete structures. Steel fiber, concrete, properties, crack, ductility, technology.
Cracks in concrete structures are unavoidable because of the low tensile strength and the low. Fibers used are steel fibers, synthetic fibers, glass fibers, natural fibers, asbestos fibers and carbon fibers. However, the dosage of coconut fiber should be low, not exceeding 1. The real contribution of the fibres is to increase the toughness of the concrete defined as some function of the area under the load vs. Fiber reinforced polymer frp fiber and resin composite typically carbon or glass fibers woven or stitched fabric specially formulated structural epoxy or resin saturated on site, or formed into laminates.
A study on durability of carbon fiber reinforced polymers in civil applications the retention of the tensile strength for the hydrothermally aged samples is shown with time using a logarithmic scale in fig. The subject of the present document is the use of frp bars as internal reinforcement in concrete structures. In hk, marine structure and land structures at close proximity to the sea probably due to sea. Consider for example that in 2016, the national association of corrosion engineers nace released a comprehensive report estimating the annual global cost of corrosion at 2. These are the two requirements for the long term performance of concrete structures. For conventional concrete without steel fibers, although still an aspect under discussion, there are some commonly used durability indicators.
Fiber reinforced polymer frp is an important material used for strengthening and retrofitting of reinforced concrete structures. The formation of large crack widths in conventional reinforced concrete is one of the major problems from a structural durability point of view, as it is well known that large cracks allow the fast penetration of gases and liquids into the concrete. Lightweight aggregate fiber reinforced concrete would fail only if fibers break or are drawn out of the cement matrix due to tensile forces. Durability of concrete structures in marine environment has been an issue for many decades, due to the perception of sea water as aggressive to concrete and reinforcement and the long service life that is expected for marine infrastructure such as harbour and coastal defence. Steel fiber reinforced concrete nguyen van chanh 1. Glass, carbon, and aramid are frequently used fibers for frp reinforcement. This ruins the durability of concrete structures in ways that are difficult to detect and costly to repair. Generally marine structures play a major role in the building or production of maritime products that are used for industry. The durability of structures can be extended by selecting an appropriate method of strengthening. Thus far, the best approach to minimize the deleterious effects on these structures is to use high strength, highperformance concrete.
The best concrete reinforcement solution for marine structures. Hpc may be defined as any concrete that provides enhanced. Wong department of civil engineering, the university of hong kong, hong kong abstract. Mechanical properties and durability of fiber reinforced concrete. Durability studies on glass fiber reinforced concrete. Aslan 100 fiberglass rebar is made using a vinyl ester resin matrix with ecr glass fibers. Results showed that the addition of polypropylene triangular fibres improved the durability of concrete. These properties can be advantageously applied to concrete in a marine environment, providing the durability in that environment is satisfactory. Durability and strength are two most important criteria for the design of reinforced concrete structures. Durability of reinforced concrete structures,theory vs.
Recent studies performed on a highperformance fiberreinforced concrete in a bridge deck found that adding fibers provided residual strength and controlled cracking. The behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete sfrc has been extensively investigated in the last four decades. Durability of fiber reinforced concrete in a severe marine. Durability study on coir fibre reinforced concrete ijert. Residual strength is directly proportional to the fiber content. The necessary quality control and inspections of concrete materials, cfrm, steel used in conjunction with cfrm, other materials, equipment, working procedures and completed structures shall be carried out to ensure the safe and economic construction of continuous fiber reinforced concrete structures of the required quality. Durability of reinforced concrete structures, theory vs practice albert k. Using the premise that the potential durability of reinforced concrete is determined by the protection provid. Upon completion of new concrete structures, the achieved construction quality always shows a high scatter and variability, and in severe environments, any weaknesses in the concrete structures will soon be revealed whatever specifications and. The effect of different dosage of glass fibers on the bond strength between steel and concrete in reinforced concrete was investigated.
Aslan 100 fiberglass rebar brochure pdf 956 kb aslan. Research work of fiber reinforced concrete the main objective of the present study the properties of fiber reinforced concrete and to compare with those of conventional concrete and environmental effecr in durability of concrete the properties to be studied will be studied will be compressive strength. Thermal analysis of concrete and production of thermal control plans. However, the vast majority of structures constructed with ecr and exposed to either deicing salts or seawater are performing well. Factors affecting durability of fiber reinforced concrete. The absolute values of energy absorption obtained in this test are of little direct relevance to the performance of fiberreinforced concrete structures since they depend directly on the size and shape of the specimen. It is unclear at this time what the impact of ecr is on the service life of reinforced concrete structures in marine exposures. However, durability of the steel ber reinforced concrete segmental liner was questioned due to the internal corrosion of the steel reinforcement figure 2 6.
Jun 17, 2016 the problem with reinforced concrete june 17, 2016 1. Strength and durability of coconut fiber reinforced concrete in aggressive environments. Strength and durability of coconutfiberreinforced concrete. The durability of concrete as a construction material and the durability of reinforced concrete structures under different environmental conditions are probably. The reinforcing strip has high bearing and longitudinal properties and is designed to strengthen the flexural capacity on the tension face of concrete girders, slabs and decks. Strength and durability study of concrete structures using. Gfrp glass fiber reinforced polymer reinforcing hdg hot dipped galvanized reinforcing. Ultrahighperformance concrete is ready to revolutionize. Detailing and behavior of coupling beams with high. Factors affecting durability of fiber reinforced concrete frc there are various factors which affects the durability of fiber reinforced concrete such as temperature, weathering, corrosion, freezing and thawing etc. Permissible crack widths in steel fibre reinforced marine. Fiberreinforced polymer frp is an important material used for strengthening and retro.
Long term properties under marine exposure of steel fibre reinforced. Experimental studies on fiber reinforced concrete ijera. The information on longterm durability of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer cfrp. Durability of gfrp reinforced concrete in field structures. Dec 03, 2018 this work was continued by kosa, naaman and hansen 1991 and compared the durability of four representative fiber reinforced cement composites subjected to increasing levels of exposure in sodium chloride solution, one of which was a polypropylene synthetic fiber. The use of fiber reinforced polymer composites, in substitution for steel, for concrete structural. Durability of reinforced concrete in different environmental. Fiber reinforced concrete has been shown to have improved fatigue. Durability of concrete structures in marine environment has been an issue for many decades, due to the perception of sea water as aggressive to concrete and reinforcement and the long. This page contains fiberreinforced concrete frc seminar and ppt with pdf report. Increasingly, fibers are being used to replace temperature and shrinkage reinforcement in concrete and, in some applications, prim ary reinforcement. The best alternative to conventional concrete tufbar. The strength mechanics of fiber reinforced concrete and mortar, extending from the elastic precrack state to the partially plastic postcracked state, is a continuing research topic. It holds short discrete fibers that are uniformly distributed and circumstances oriented.
Ultrahighperformance concrete is ready to revolutionize precast, prestressed concrete fiber reinforced, cementbased uhpc has the potential to change building and bridge design. There were fewer and narrower cracks in the frc even though the frc had more shrinkage than the control. Predictions of reinforced concrete durability in the marine. Wong department of civil engineering, the university of hong kong introduction reinforced concrete deterioration. In particular, the structures built in the coastal zone suffered heavy damage due to the penetration of seasalt. Corrosion potential evaluation and mitigation methods for steel reinforcement. Durability of concrete structures article pdf available in arabian journal for science and engineering 362. Evaluation of performance of high strength fiber reinforced. Fiber reinforced concrete has so far been successfully used in slabs on grade, shotcrete, architectural panels, precast products, offshore structures, structures in.
Principal research scientist introduction new construction and rehabilitation of existing structures require highperformance. In recent years, composites have been widely used to repair or reinforce old concrete and metallic structures. The problem with reinforced concrete june 17, 2016 1. The usefulness of fiber reinforced concrete frc in various civil engineering applications is indisputable. Existing specifications for concrete do not appear to be effective in ensuring satisfactory durability performance in the marine environment and many structures. Service life durability analysis of concrete and production of durability plans.
Design of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams for shear. Fiberreinforced concrete frc is concrete consisting fibrous material which increases its structural purity. Fiber reinforced concrete has small distinct fibers that are homogeneously dispersed and oriented haphazardly. Concrete specification and maintenance strategy for marine.
Pultrusion is the manufacturing process used to produce fiber reinforced polymer frp bars. Marine structures have suffered from seawater attacks for decades. Durability of reinforced concrete structures,theory vs practice. As a part of durability study, the combined effect of marine environment and varying levels of ph on the ultimate bond strength retention and compressive strength retention of glass fiber reinforced concrete. Frp wrapping is one of the easiest methods for repair, retrofit, and maintenance of structural elements. According to the study done by abbas, rc and steel ber reinforced concrete sfrc segments can be corroded when they are exposed to a chloride ion environment 6. As a way to ensure the durability of reinforced concrete structures, current. Properties and applications offiber reinforced concrete. Study on polymer modified steel fiber reinforced concrete. Durability findings from case studies of marine concrete. Concrete pipes are heavy and guarantee good resistance to abrasion, but they are difficult to. Durability study on coir fibre reinforced concrete written by nithin sam.
Factors affecting marine concrete durability deterioration of reinforced concrete structures in marine environments is generally associated with external agents such as chlorides that penetrate into concrete causing damage. Testing chloride penetration resistance of concrete. Fiber reinforced concrete has so far been successfully used in slabs on grade, shotcrete, architectural panels, precast products, offshore structures, structures in seismic regions, thin and thick repairs, crash barriers, footings, hydraulic structures and many other applications. Durability of gfrp reinforced concrete in field structures by a. Evaluation of ultrahighperformance fiber reinforced concrete celik ozyildirim, ph. Few applications of sfrc are in the field of irrigation structures. Stateoftheart report on fiberreinforced lightweight. Earlyage fiberreinforced concrete properties for overlays mpc. March 2016 use of frp to strengthen and repair marine structures. The marine environment provides a severe durability test for reinforced concrete structures and deterioration may occur rapidly unless structures are correctly designed and built. This paper emphasizes on polymer modified steel fiber reinforced concrete, a recent advancement in the field of reinforced concrete. Very early strength, toughness, permeability, and fiber distribution evelina khakimova, eit graduate research assistant celik ozyildirim, ph. In general, the deleterious effects brought about by aggressive environments can be suppressed with fiber reinforced concrete. Concrete, as a structural material and as the building exterior skin, has the ability to withstand natures normal deteriorating mechanisms as well as natural disasters.
Durability performances of carbon fiberreinforced polymer. Fiber reinforced concrete has been shown to have improved fatigue characteristics and improved cracking behavior over conventional concrete. Repairing cracked steel structures with carbon fiber. Use of frp to strengthen and repair marine structures. Reinforced concrete experts have come up with fiber reinforced polymer frp reinforcement as a durable and corrosionfree construction solution that has the power to extend the lifespan of a concrete structure up to 100 years. Durability of concrete is determined by its ability to resist weathering action, chemical attack, abrasion, or any other process of deterioration, and will retain its original form, quality, and serviceability when exposed to its environment.
Fiberglass rebar product types composites owens corning. Fiber reinforced concrete is a type of concrete that includes fibrous substances that increase its structural strength and cohesion. Jan 15, 2011 extensive experience demonstrates that the durability of concrete structures is related not only to design and material but also to construction issues. Durability of reinforced concrete structures in marine. Principal research scientist introduction the virginia department of transportation vdot routinely uses highperformance concrete hpc in its structures. Aar, chemical attack, freezing and thawing, abrasion and fire. Beams solid sawn timbers and gluelaminated timber products, either naturally durable wood. In this study the properties of fibre reinforced concrete were compared with those of conventional concrete and also its environmental effects on durability of concrete. Durability of concrete in a marine environment is a function of its mixture constituents, freezethaw susceptibility, abrasion resistance, fatigue strength, and corrosion of embedded metal. Durability of concrete may be defined as the ability of concrete to resist weathering action, chemical attack, and abrasion while maintaining its desired engineering properties.
On the result of this investigation, the reinforced concrete structures in marine environment, the corrosion of reinforced steels are affected by the contented salt use of beach sand and the penetration of chloride in concrete. Marine structures reinforced with fiberglass rebar are invulnerable to strong chlorides and moisture. Key words glass, fiber reinforcement, glass fiber reinforced polymer, polymer, durability, deterioration, service life, concrete reinforcement 18. Mechanical properties and durability of latexmodified fiber. Fiber reinforced concrete has so far been successfully used in slabs on grade, architectural panels, precast products, offshore structures, structures in seismic regions, thin and thick repairs. For reinforced concrete bridges, one of the major forms of environmental attack is chloride ingress, which leads to corrosion of the reinforcing steel and a subsequent reduction in the strength, serviceability, and aesthetics of the structure. Fiberreinforced concrete seminar ppt with pdf report. Durability of reinforced concrete structures, theory vs practice. Evaluating the longterm durability of fiber reinforced polymers via field assessments of reinforced concrete structures fiber reinforced polymer composites frp are an attractive repair option for reinforced concrete structures, however their long term performance in field environments is not well understood.
Table a concrete durability recommendations for structures in non marine environment march 2020 refer to bridge division web page for additional information. Implementation of highperformance fiber reinforced concrete coupling beams. Foundation walls reinforced concrete or cmu, or wood that is preservativetreated for foundation or marine use see fact sheet no. The durability of concrete for marine construction. These problems usually manifest themselves in the tidal and splash zones of a structure. Concrete, marine environment, chloride, blast furnace slag cement, reinforcement corrosion, service life, probabilistic model 1 introduction durability of concrete structures in marine environment has been an issue for many decades, due to the perception of sea water as aggressive to concrete and reinforcement and the long. Founded in 1904 and headquartered in farmington hills, michigan, usa, the american concrete institute is a leading authority and resource worldwide for the development, dissemination, and adoption of its consensusbased standards, technical resources, educational programs, and proven expertise for individuals and organizations involved in concrete design. One of the main factors affecting the durability of concrete is corrosion of steel reinforcement. Ps bms district hpc air entrainment hpc air entrainment poly fibers corrosion inhibiting admixture hpc air entrainment corrosion admixture surface protective coatings substructure. For the most part, however, existing design models for shear are based on empirical equations where fiber concrete is considered as a unique material and fibers and concrete components to shear are considered collectively, or where the concrete and fiber components to. Fip 8 design and specification of fiberreinforced concrete. As discussed before, the higher accelerated ageing can be seen at the highest temperature of 85oc.
Buckeye ultrafiber500tm fiber ae manual 2006, buckeye technologies inc. Evaluation of ultrahighperformance fiberreinforced concrete. Durability issues associated with the design of reinforced concrete structures in marine environments for publication in the conference publication short title, date and city. Fiber reinforced concrete enhances the durability of concrete by reducing crack width typically due to plastic shrinkage, long term drying shrinkage and thermal changes. Fiber reinforced concrete frc is a new structural material which is gaining increasing importance. When bonded in concrete, gfrp or fiberglass bars do not react to chemical products, salt, and alkali. Turnkey programproject level quality management for concrete testing. Regourd 1980 indicated that marine structures typically are slowly degraded by chemical. Commonly used fibers are glass, carbon, and aramid fibers. Pdf durability of marine concrete structures field. With 14 the weight of steel rebar, this product exceeds the requirements of astm d7957 standard specifications for solid round glass fiber reinforced polymer bars for concrete reinforcing.